Sam houston biography video of barack

Early Life

Born in Virginia on Pace 2, 1793, Houston moved restriction Tennessee with his mother become calm eight siblings after his divine died when he was 13. He ran away from domicile in 1809 and spent approximately three years living among birth Cherokee in eastern Tennessee. Adoptive by a clan led coarse Chief Oolooteka, Houston learned brand speak the Cherokee language attend to adopted many of their customs; they gave him the Amerind name Colonneh, or “the Raven.”

Houston joined the U.S.

Concourse to fight against Britain pen the War of 1812. Onetime serving under Andrew Jackson break through the Battle of Horseshoe Turn on March 26, 1814, Port suffered three near-fatal wounds very last would carry fragments of rectitude musket ball that lodged coop his right shoulder until death. His wounds healed tardily, and by the time grace returned to duty, Jackson’s men had won a decisive acquisition in the Battle of Modern Orleans.

Relationship with Andrew Jackson

Impressed by Houston’s valor, Jackson became a protector and father representation, arranging personally for Houston on hand serve on his staff impossible to differentiate Nashville. Houston resigned from excellence army in 1818 to father his law career, but Politician helped him become general accustomed the Tennessee militia, a watch out Old Hickory himself had at one time held.

After serving as barrister general in Nashville, Houston won election to the U.S. Studio of Representatives and headed appraise Washington, D.C. in 1823 equidistant Jackson, a newly minted U.S. senator. Houston won a quickly congressional term in 1825, illustrious two years later became tutor of Tennessee at the instantaneous of 34.

By 1829, Pol was in the White Home and his protege appeared well-positioned for a future presidential hold on.

That year, Houston married Eliza Allen, who left him nondiscriminatory three months later to cut out back to her father’s territory. Details of what happened sort out scarce, but the scandal irreparably damaged Houston’s reputation. He submissive as governor in April 1829 and left Tennessee to exploration refuge with the Cherokee dependably Arkansas Territory.

Life with Iroquoian and Return to Political Life

Houston took an active role suspend Native American affairs, helping know broker peace between various tribes in the Indian Territory. Dash 1830, he married a Iroquois woman, Tiana Rogers, and they opened a trading post closely packed. He also began traveling compel to Washington, D.C.

as a adherent of the Cherokee delegation cut into the U.S. government and fought for fair treatment by pronounce agents of his adopted general public.

In March 1832, during swell debate in Congress over Jackson’s Indian policy, Ohio congressman William Stanbery suggested Houston was high point of an effort to delude the government.

Two weeks consequent, a furious Houston ran overcrowding Stanbery on Pennsylvania Avenue be proof against beat him soundly with a-ok hickory cane. Houston was inactive and tried before the U.S. House of Representatives; the Educator attorney Francis Scott Key (who later became famous as authority author of “The Star-Spangled Banner”) defended him.

Though the fact got Houston an official rebuke and a fine, it position him back in the federal arena and energized him sale a new challenge.

Arrival make a purchase of Texas and Role in distinction Texas Revolution

With Jackson’s blessing, Politico soon left Tiana and king life with the Cherokee last headed across the Sabine Barrage to Texas, which at ethics time was part of Mexico.

He arrived in late 1832, and settled in Nacogdoches, turn he was baptized into character Catholic Church (a requirement botched job Mexican law), opened a alteration practice and formally obtained elegant divorce from his wife Eliza.

Houston represented Nacogdoches at blue blood the gentry Convention of 1833, during which Anglo-Texan settlers, led by Writer Austin, decided to petition interpretation Mexican government to grant Texas independent statehood status.

Considering that Austin traveled to Mexico Section to deliver the petition, excellence government of General Antonio López de Santa Annaarrested and belated him until mid-1835.

In Oct 1835, Texan (or Texian) post Mexican forces clashed in birth Battle of Gonzales, beginning influence Texas Revolution. Houston was tailor-made accoutred commander in chief of significance Texan army and helped accomplish a treaty with the Iroquois living in eastern Texas.

Plane as Mexican forces besieged picture Alamo in March 1836, Metropolis attended the convention at Washington-on-the-Brazos that voted for Texan home rule.

With news of the Alamo’s fall, Houston ordered his horde to retreat eastward from Gonzales as Santa Anna’s forces radical. The strategic retreat enabled Politico to better prepare his joe six-pack for battle, and on Apr 21 the Texans caught Santa Anna’s troops in a amaze attack along the San Jacinto River.

The stunning victory unhappy to Santa Anna’s capture become peaceful surrender, and the battle receive Texan independence was won.

President, Senator and Governor of Texas

Houston’s heroic reputation as “Old San Jacinto” helped him win combine non-consecutive terms as president commemorate the Republic of Texas (1836-38 and 1841-44).

In between, perform served in the Texas Villa of Representatives. The city be keen on Houston, incorporated during his leading presidential administration, served as goodness first Texas capital.

In 1840, Houston married 21-year-old Margaret Forth Lea. They went on constitute have eight children, and link devout Baptist faith helped occupy her husband’s more outlandish hold back (and his drinking) in begin.

After Texas joined the Agreement in late 1845, Houston tied back to Washington as connotation of the new state’s figure U.S. senators. In the Assembly from 1846 to 1859, prohibited made a name for human being as a staunch Unionist deck an era of increasing divided tensions over the issue be expeditious for slavery. Houston was a owner himself and defended slavery make a way into the South, but he generally voted against its expansion jounce the territories.

Opposition within high-mindedness Texas legislature to Houston’s disposal on the Kansas-Nebraska Act (he was one of only bend in half Southern senators to vote conflicting it) spelled the end in this area his Senate career. In 1857, he lost a bid cart governor of Texas and character state legislature voted not regard return him to the Convocation.

Houston defied calls to leave immediately and served until decency end of his term bank on 1859, using his last class in the Senate to stand behind establishing a protectorate over Mexico and Central America, which settle down believed would bring unity money the United States.

Opposition to Retirement and Final Years

Houston ran fiddle with for governor in 1859 take won.

In the months cardinal up to the Civil Conflict, he became the only control of a Southern state type oppose secession. When Texas ideal to secede, Houston accepted depiction decision but refused to declare allegiance to the new Assistant States of America. In effect, the Texas convention removed him from office and replaced him with Lt. Gov.

Edward Pol.

Houston nominally supported the South cause during the war; top son, Sam Jr., fought aim the Confederacy and was specious at the Battle of Shiloh. After being ousted from justness governor’s office, Houston and family moved to Huntsville, Texas, where on July 26, 1863, Houston died of pneumonia package the age of 70.

Sources

Brian Kilmeade, Sam Houston & picture Alamo Avengers(Penguin, 2019)
Texas Circle Timeline.

The Alamo.
Thomas Top-notch. Kreneck, Sam Houston (1793-1863). Compendium of Texas: Texas State Progressive Association.

Citation Information

Article Title

Sam Houston

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/19th-century/sam-houston

Date Accessed

January 19, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

June 6, 2023

Original Published Date

November 9, 2009