Lizabeth scott biography death

American actress and singer (1922–2015)

Lizabeth Scott
Scott in 1947
Born	Emma Matzo (1922-09-29)September 29, 1922 Scranton, Pennsylvania, Pooled States
Died	January 31, 2015(2015-01-31) (aged 92) Los Angeles, California, United States
Other names	Elizabeth Scott
Occupations
Years active	1942–1972

Lizabeth Virginia Scott (born Emma Matzo; September 29, 1922 – Jan 31, 2015)^[1][2] was an English actress, singer and model all for the Walter Thornton Model Agency,^[3] known for her "smoky voice"^[4] and being "the most valued face of film noir alongside the 1940s and 1950s".^[5] Puzzle out understudying the role of Sabina in the original Broadway most important Boston stage productions of The Skin of Our Teeth, she emerged in such films trade in The Strange Love of Martha Ivers (1946), Dead Reckoning (1947), Desert Fury (1947), and Too Late for Tears (1949).

Quite a few her 22 films, she was the leading lady in recurrent but three. In addition show stage and radio, she developed on television from the gesture 1940s to early 1970s.

Early life

Emma Matzo (Ema Macová compact Slovak) was born in City, Pennsylvania,^[6][7] the oldest of shake up children born to Mary Penyak^[8] and John Matzo (Ján Maco in Slovak).^[9] Several conflicting finance have been given as hyperbole her parents' ethnic origins,^{[10][11][12][13][14]} get the gist most mentioning English, Rusyn,^{[15][16][17][18]} Slavonic, and Ukrainian.^{[19][20][21][22][23]} The family temporary in the Pine Brook sweep of Scranton, where her father confessor owned Matzo Market.^[24] Scott defined her father as a "lifelong Republican", which influenced her conventional views.

The love of descant influenced Scott's voice.^[25][how?]

Scott attended Marywood Seminary, a local Catholic girls' school.^[26] She transferred to Scranton's Central High School, where she performed in several plays.^[8] Aft graduating, she spent the season working with the Mae Desmond Players^[27] at a stock house in the nearby community reinforce Newfoundland.^[28] She then worked bear out the Barter Theatre in Abingdon, Virginia.^[29] That autumn, she packed with Marywood College, but quit end six months.^[30]

In 1939, with turn a deaf ear to father's help, the 17-year-old Explorer moved to New York Metropolis, where she stayed at excellence Ferguson Residence for Women.^[31] Bask in New York she was a-one model for the Walter Designer agency.^[32] Scott read Maxwell Anderson's Mary of Scotland, a throw about Mary, Queen of Caledonian and Elizabeth I, from which she derived the stage nickname "Elizabeth Scott." She later cast aside the "E".^[33]

Debut

In late 1940, wholesome 18-year-old Scott auditioned for rank national tour of Hellzapoppin.

Pass up several hundred women, she was chosen by John "Ole" Olsen and Harold "Chic" Johnson, stars of the original Broadway work hard. She was assigned to pick your way of three road companies, Scott's being led by Billy Pied-а-terre and Eddie Garr.^[34] Landing yield first professional job, she was billed as "Elizabeth Scott".^[35] Probity tour opened November 3, 1940, at the Shubert Theatre injure New Haven, Connecticut.

She exact blackouts and other types catch the fancy of sketch comedy^[36][37] during her 18-month tour of 63 cities swath the US.^[6]

Scott then returned get trapped in New York in 1942, turn she starred as Sadie Archeologist in John Colton's playRain, which ran on the then close of off-Broadway.

It was shun first starring role, but maladroit thumbs down d drama critic reviewed the play.^[38] But the producer of expert Broadway play, Michael Myerberg, upfront see the show.^[39]

Myerberg had inheritance moved an experimental production fanatic Thornton Wilder's new play The Skin of Our Teeth prime Tallulah Bankhead from New Church to the Plymouth Theatre.

Artificial by Scott's Sadie Thompson, filth hired her as the fluff up for Bankhead, despite Bankhead's protests. Bankhead had signed a interest forbidding an understudy for interpretation Sabina role, which Myerberg breached by hiring Scott. Previously, Actress had controlled the production by way of not showing up for runthrough.

Now, Myerberg could simply set Scott in Bankhead's place.^[40] Actor has acknowledged that Myerberg motivated her to keep Bankhead entry control and that Bankhead was furious about the situation.^[6] Unfolding her own experience with Actress, Scott recalled, "She never radius to me, except to scrape out commands. Finally, one date, I'd had enough.

I sonorous her to say 'please,' point of view after that she did."^[31] Generous her eight months^[41] as loftiness understudy, Scott never had conclusion opportunity to substitute for Actress, as Scott's presence guaranteed Bankhead's. During her time with magnanimity production, Scott played the character of "Girl/Drum Majorette."^[42][43] The game ran from November 18, 1942, to September 25, 1943.

The rivalry between the two touch is cited as an variant to the Martina Lawrence-Elisabeth Bergner origin^[44] of Mary Orr's as a result story, The Wisdom of Eve (1946),^[45] the basis of loftiness 1950 film All About Eve. Broadway legend had it ensure Bankhead was being victimized moisten Scott, who supposedly was illustriousness basis for the fictional Take in Harrington.^[46]

Rumors of an affair halfway the married Myerberg and birth new understudy were rife.^[40] Thespian has said that her fondest memory was of Myerberg effectual her, "I love you," on the other hand the two eventually parted.^[47]

The eternal feud between Myerberg and Actress worsened Bankhead's ulcer, leading absorption to not renew her contract.^[48] Anticipating Bankhead's move, Myerberg all at once signed 39-year-old Miriam Hopkins demand March,^[49] catching Scott off-guard.

Bankhead's final zinger to Scott was "You be as good since she (Hopkins) is."^[50] For span brief period, Scott understudied get on to Hopkins. While Scott liked Moneyman much more than Bankhead, she was still disappointed about personage passed over for the Sabina role.^[6]

Scott eventually quit in hitch.

Before quitting, Scott replaced Thespian for one night.^[51] When Thespian finally went on stage although Sabina, she was surprised overstep both the approval and attractiveness of the audience.^[6] Her equivalent as understudy was another innovative femme fatale, 19-year-old Gloria Hallward, soon to be known by the same token Gloria Grahame.

When Michael Myerberg pulled Grahame from the diversion for another experimental production hassle Philadelphia^[52]—Star Dust^[53]— no understudy was available when Gladys George took over for Hopkins.^[54]

On August 30, 1943, Scott once again mannered Sabina when George was ill.^[55] Joe Russell was in significance Plymouth Theatre audience that quick.

Afterward, when a friend flight California came to New Royalty on one of his semiannual visits to Broadway, Russell bass him about Scott's performance. Russell's friend was an up-and-coming vinyl producer for Warner Bros., Collect yourself B. Wallis.^[56]

Rise to fame

Hal Clumsy. Wallis

Irving Hoffman,^[57] a New Dynasty press agent and columnist perform The Hollywood Reporter, had befriended Scott and tried to start her to people who could help her.

On September 29, 1943, Hoffman held a party at the Stork Club—Scott had turned 21. By jibing or design, Wallis was further at the club that night.^[58] Hoffman introduced Scott to Wallis, who arranged for an interrogate the following day. When Player returned home, she found top-notch telegram offering her the shrink for the Boston run remind The Skin of Our Teeth.

Miriam Hopkins was ill. Actor sent Wallis her apologies, suppression the interview.^[59] Scott recalled "On the train up to Beantown, to replace Miss Hopkins, Unrestrainable decided I needed to bright the name more of principally attention-grabber. And that's when Unrestrainable decided to drop the 'E' from Elizabeth."^[31] In 1945, The New Republic claimed that Actor had dropped the "E" chimpanzee a patriotic wartime gesture "to conserve newsprint."^[60]

California

Scott appeared in a-one Harper's photographic spread, which was allegedly admired by film go-between Charles Feldman of Famous Artists Corporation.

In a telegram give your backing to Scott, he asked her unnoticeably take a screen test. Unquestionable invited her to come disparage Los Angeles and stay velvety the Beverly Hills Hotel.^[6]

Her precede screen test was at Popular, then at William Goetz's Worldwide Pictures. She was rejected make wet both studios.^[61] Then she experienced at Warner Bros., but that time around, Wallis' sister Minna Wallis arranged for film executive Fritz Lang to coach Scott.^{[citation needed]}

Hal Wallis saw Scott's express and recognized her potential.^[62] Velvety the age of 22, Scott's film debut was the comedy-drama You Came Along (1945).

During the shooting of You Came Along, Hal Wallis showed Scott's screen test to Hollywood editorialist Bob Thomas. Wallis told Clocksmith, "Notice how her eyes conniving alive and sparkling... Once talk to a while she reads dialect trig line too fast, but succession will cure that. That expression makes her intriguing."^{[citation needed]}

Paramount years

The Strange Love of Martha Ivers

Later in 1946, 37-year-old Barbara Stanwyck, in a letter, objected justify Scott's top billing in The Strange Love of Martha Ivers (1946): "I will not the makings co-starred with any other male other than a recognized man's or female star." Lawyers cherish Wallis and Stanwyck got function work, and eventually, the concluding billing ran Stanwyck, Van Heflin, and Scott at the diadem, with newcomer Kirk Douglas come by second place,^[63] but Wallis' correspondence in promoting Scott was harassing.

The AFI page on Martha Ivers comments:

Director Lewis Milepost is quoted in an initially in the Los Angeles Sunna Mirror on 8 December 1946 as having said that pacify would never make another be with you with producer Hal Wallis as Wallis wanted to reshoot scenes in this film for auxiliary close-ups of Lizabeth Scott; Noteworthy reportedly told Wallis to condense them himself—which he did.^[64]

Wallis distraught up adding extra footage sunup Scott at the expense find Stanwyck's screen time, which following led to a contretemps halfway Stanwyck and Wallis.^[65] Concerning irregular first film noir, Scott go belly up a rise how strange it was hopefulness be in a film work stoppage Stanwyck and have only call brief scene together.^[66] The theatre by Robert Rossen depicts four separate story lines running coop up parallel—one dominated by Martha Ivers (Stanwyck) and the other emergency Antonia "Toni" Marachek (Scott).

Magnanimity Heflin character, Sam, is significance connection between the story cut, which overlap only in dignity one scene where femme fatale Martha and girl next door Toni meet.

In June 1946,^[67] Scott gained the distinction hook being the first Hollywood comet to visit Britain since blue blood the gentry end of World War II.^[68] She was there to server the London premiere of Martha Ivers^[69] and do a promotional tour through the country.

Length Scott was still in Kingdom, shooting began on a modern noir that Scott joined funding she returned: Dead Reckoning.^[70]

Dead Reckoning

Columbia originally intended Rita Hayworth mend the role,^[71] but she was busy with The Lady make the first move Shanghai (1947).^[72][73] As a play in, Scott was borrowed from Calm down B.

Wallis.^[74]

At the age disregard 24, Scott's billing and contour were equal to Humphrey Bogart's on the film's lobby posters and in advertisements. Most many a time portrayed in publicity stills was the Jean Louis gown-and-glove clothes she wore in the association scene.^[75] In September 1946, a-ok Motion Picture Herald poll progressing her the seventh-most promising "star of tomorrow."^[76] Production ran 10 June–4 September 1946.

It premiered in New York the workweek of 23 January 1947.^[77] Notwithstanding the initial positive publicity, probity long-term effect of Dead Reckoning was to typecast the ex- comedian for her entire existence.

Late 1940s

Historian Kevin Starr wrote of a new type be in the region of Hollywood actress who began greet appear on screen during rank 1940s:

The stars emerging live in 1940, by contrast—Rita Hayworth, Ann Sheridan, Ida Lupino, Lupe Vélez, Marie Windsor, Lana Turner, Lizabeth Scott—each possessed a certain plainness, an invisible shield of struggle and defense, that suggested renounce times were getting serious courier that comedy would not pull up able to handle all class issues...

Just a few epoch earlier, Hollywood had been image the wisecracking platinum blonde, uncovered, sexy, self-actualizing. Now with influence war, that insouciance had be acceptable to hard-boiled.^[78]

This "hard-boiled" quality appeared tight spot Scott's two previous films pole was repeated in Desert Fury (1947), starring with Burt Metropolis in the second noir filmed in color and a Exaggeration as well.^[79] Scott again marked with Lancaster, Corey, and Politician, in Wallis's I Walk Alone (1948), a noirish story clean and tidy betrayal and vengeance.

More representation occurred behind the scenes work out the film, originally titled Deadlock. The Kay Lawrence role was originally intended to be Kristine Miller's breakout role,^[80] but General, ever competitive with all burden actresses,^[66] grabbed the role misunderstand herself. Miller later recalled, "(Wallis) planned to star me pathway I Walk Alone.

He reliable me with Burt; it was a wonderful test, but grow Lizabeth Scott decided she lacked the role, and Lizabeth got whatever she wanted—from Hal Wallis! (Laughs) So, I got rectitude second part instead."^[81] Douglas, like chalk and cheese working with Lancaster on rectitude film, commented:

Lizabeth Scott false the girl we were convoluted with in the movie.

Personal real life, she was implicated with Hal Wallis. This was a problem. Very often, she'd be in his office bolster a long time, emerge tearful, and be difficult to tool with for the rest tip off the day.^[82]

Though relations between Dynasty and Scott had previously antediluvian romantic, a falling out case in point.

Lancaster's behavior toward Scott was chilly, especially during one necking scene, leaving Scott looking exasperated.^[83] By April 9, 1947, Metropolis tried to break his seven-year contract with Paramount. He avowed it violated a previous independent deal, but added that misstep did not want to get something done with Scott anymore.^[84] Despite consummate the issues among the pitch and past critics, I Tread Alone is usually now reputed to be a film noir classic.^[85]

Scott played her third service last ingénue in the alternative favorite among her own films^[86]—Pitfall (1948) with Dick Powell dominant Jane Wyatt as a middle-aged couple growing apart.

Director André de Toth explained his rationalization for casting Scott:

I craved Lizabeth Scott. I didn't long for some blonde with big blood. You had to believe ditch this girl was real. Level if I took one longed-for these over-sexed types who could not act, it would chatter how the Powell character level-headed drawn into the affair.

Muse on the point of the hand was that he's just fine middle-level insurance investigator. He's dog-tired of his job, spending as to in his little office tie in with a drab secretary. So Comical could have made a discrete picture, with a prettier cub than Lizabeth Scott, and avid the story of that wench, her problems, but that wasn't this movie.

That would power it phony, if you endorsement it with Marilyn Monroe, clever type like that. I desired somebody real.^[87]

In May 1948, rolling in money was announced that Jane Greer and Robert Mitchum would celeb in a football-themed story next to Irwin Shaw, originally titled Interference.^[88] Afterward, Lucille Ball replaced Greer and Victor Mature replaced Thespian.

Scott was slated to segment the club secretary. Then, she replaced Ball as leading lady.^[89] The reason for the position switch is unknown, though Domain never forgave Mature for authority rudeness when they made Seven Days' Leave (1942).^[90] The 37-year-old Ball was in career depression at the time and abstruse to take the secondary separate meant for Scott.

The last film, titled Easy Living (1949), received a generally negative clarify when it was released. Distinction New York Times review was uncommonly positive, though dismissive show signs Scott's performance.^[91]

Scott played the maximum femme fatale in Too Break for Tears (1949), with Ornamentation DeFore, Dan Duryea, Arthur Airdrome, and Kristine Miller.

This Hitchcock-like, black-and-white noir is widely held Scott's best film and performance.^[92] But, the film was first-class box-office failure when it was released, and the producer Tail Stromberg was forced into crash. Decades later, one film registrar reported the film's staying power: "Too Late for Tears progression a relatively 'unknown and unseen' noir and deserves this identification, especially for its storyline, interim, and the incredible performance make out Lizabeth Scott in the femme fatale role."^[93] At the place of 1948, Scott shifted graphic gears in Paid in Full which was released in 1950.

On Tuesday, January 25, 1949, Scott collapsed and went constitute hysterics on the RKO drive you mad of The Big Steal (1949).^[94] She immediately quit after pair days of production.^[95] According cut short Scott's replacement, Jane Greer, Thespian quit because she was interested about being associated with birth leading man Robert Mitchum, who at the time was captive at the local honor steadiness for a marijuana conviction^[96]—Mitchum was convicted January 10, 1949.^[97] Option later was alleged that Settle down Wallis was responsible for Scott's bowing out.^[98] Yet, Scott marked with Mitchum in a RKO film two years later.

Past this same period, the prise open reported rumors of Scott's usage fright.^[99] Scott later admitted be acquainted with stage fright, explaining her hope during premieres of her films.^[100]

During Scott's recovery period, Walter Winchell, in his "On Broadway" shape for June 9, 1949, numerous a rumor of Scott's approaching marriage to Mortimer Hall,^[101] Supervisory and president of radio habitat KLAC.^[102] Scott and Hall posterior broke up.

(Hall eventually wed actress Ruth Roman; pursued Rosemarie Bowe,^[103] who looked similar suggest Scott; divorced Roman; and proliferate married Diana Lynn, Scott's co-star in Paid in Full.)

By June 22, 1949, Scott reportedly recovered from her January period and was to be let somebody use by Hal Wallis to justness Princeton Drama Festival.^[104] In July 1949, Scott returned to honesty stage in the title character of Philip Yordan's play Anna Lucasta at the McCarter Stage play, on the campus of University University, New Jersey.^[105] The shove reported: "Folks who expected pyrotechnics fit of r when Liz Scott and Tallulah Bankhead crossed paths at position Princeton Drama Festival were very much disappointed.

It was all refrain and light."^[106]

Finally, Scott decided make legalize her stage name. Securing been known professionally as "Lizabeth Scott" for almost seven life-span, she legally changed her title from Emma Matzo on Sept 14, 1949.^[107][108]

1950s

Scott acted in quatern films in 1950.

In organized continuing effort to escape attend femme fatale typecasting, Scott mannered another self-sacrificing June Allyson-like triteness before reverting to her regular torch singer/socialite roles. In The Company She Keeps (1951), she played Joan Willburn, a check officer who sacrifices her fiancé to a scheming convict, Diane Stuart (Jane Greer).

While Greer's beauty^[109] was toned down care for the film, Scott's was moan. As a result, critics were generally unconvinced that the primary man would choose the dull Diane over Joan. Most critics thought that Scott and Greer were miscast, and should take switched roles.^[110][111] Columnist Erskine Lbj wrote "Lizabeth Scott is escalation her second reach-for-the-handkerchief-Mabel picture cargo space RKO."^{[citation needed]}

Scott played her ordinal torch-singer role in Dark City (1950), a traditional film noir.

Her boyfriend, Danny Haley (Charlton Heston in his film debut) is a bookie who pump up the apparent target of shipshape and bristol fashion vengeful brother of a extinct man whom Haley swindled. Firstly, Burt Lancaster was cast since the leading man, but significant refused to work with Actor again.^[112]

In a May interview, Explorer said she was reading greatness entire oeuvre of Aldous Huxley.^[113] In another interview, she common almost joining a "cult" certified by Huxley, but did cry due to the vow disagree with poverty required.^[114] Huxley explored renascence and destiny, beliefs which Histrion also professed in interviews.^[86][115] As Scott's spiritual search, she at last met the Dalai Lama stern a private reception at greatness Los Angeles County Museum pay for Art.^[116] Yet, conversely, Scott was a friend and reader sum Ayn Rand,^[115] an Aristotelianatheist.^[117] Ulterior in 1950, Scott was ominous to do the summer-stock symbols of Tennessee Williams' Summer good turn Smoke (1948).^[118] Instead, she net the production and audited bend in half morning courses—philosophy and political science—for six weeks at the Foundation of Southern California.^[119][120]

In Two bear out a Kind (1951), Scott portray Brandy Kirby, a socialite who seduces a gambler, Michael "Lefty" Farrell (Edmond O'Brien), into joined a caper.

Red Mountain (1952) is set in the 1860s, starring Scott as Chris, magnanimity only member of her kith and kin to survive the American Civilized War. Red Mountain was blue blood the gentry second of Scott's three Westerns, though the only traditional non-noir one.

Scott played her onefourth and last torch-singer role detainee The Racket (1951), another usual noir.

Irene Hayes (Scott) bash caught up in a hostile between a big-city police policeman (Robert Mitchum) and a community crime boss (Robert Ryan), who resembles the real-life Bugsy Siegel. The film was released four months after the Kefauver hearings, in which Virginia Hill, put up with mistress of Siegel's,^[121] denied acceptance any knowledge of organized baseness.

While Irene Hayes was reflecting to be modeled on grandeur smoky-voiced Hill, Scott denied rank rumor.^[122]

Scott returned to Britain hassle October 1951 to film Stolen Face (1952), a noir cruise presages Alfred Hitchcock's Vertigo (1958) by several years.^[123]

Later that hop, Scott returned to her basics as a comedian when she began work on her gain victory comedy noir, Scared Stiff, operate Dean Martin and Jerry Explorer.

Scott played an heiress who inherits a haunted castle ferment Lost Island off the beach of Cuba.^[124] Though Scott challenging fond memories of working round off the set in the lifetime ahead,^[125] at the time bear witness filming, she found it harsh. Scott found Lewis' impersonations duplicate her offensive, while a doubtful Hal Wallis instructed director Martyr Marshall not to let grandeur romantic scenes between Scott captain Martin get too steamy.

Insult Scott's best efforts, including fabrication excuses for Lewis' behavior halt the press, most of irregular scenes were cut.^[126] The hide premiered the week of 28 May 1953 in Los Angeles.^[124] Despite the negative experience extract reviews, Scared Stiff remains Scott's third favorite film.^[86]

In April 1953, the 30-year-old Scott made give someone his last film under contract lambast Paramount.

In Bad for Babble Other (1953), Scott played on the rocks decadent heiress who tries variety dominate a poor but optimistic physician (Charlton Heston). The start material for the screenplay, Poet McCoy's novel Scalpel, was explain nuanced than the linear probity play of Bad For Scolding Other.^[127] This film was Calm Wallis' last attempt to worrying Burt Lancaster and Scott.

Patricia Neal was originally cast gorilla Helen,^[128] but when Scott replaced Neal, Lancaster had to excellence replaced by Heston.^[129] Though Heston and Scott had previously acted upon together in Dark City, discord was reported between the four on the set.^[130] The hide was a box-office failure.

Impact months later in February 1954, Wallis and Scott parted intransigent. Scott was now a freelancer.^[131]

In April 1954, Scott attended leadership Cannes Film Festival.^[132] Though she left for London immediately aft the festival,^[133] her visit compare with France had unforeseen consequences.

Late that month, it was declared that she would be magnanimity host of High Adventure, first-class travelogue television series for CBS, but she never appeared regulate it.^[134] As Scott put it: "out of the clear down sky one morning, I woke and decided that I not wanted to make another album again. It was just unmixed spark, I can't explain it."^[135]

Regardless, she made three more films: The Weapon (1957), Loving You (1957) and Pulp (1972).

Critical reception

Though the public response reverse Scott was generally favorable all along the Paramount years, the tegument casing critics were less so, over making unfavorable comparisons to Lauren Bacall and Tallulah Bankhead,^{[136][137][138]} origin with Bob Thomas' March 1945 comment about her screen test: "Her throaty voice may superior make Lauren Bacall sound adoration a mezzo soprano."^[139] When picture most prominent critic of loftiness era, Bosley Crowther of The New York Times, gave exceptional bad review of You Came Along (1945),^[140] Scott's film first showing, she recalled: "Being very grassy and naïve at the patch, I didn't know you weren't supposed to do such effects, so I called him figure up and complained.

I told him how hard everyone worked authenticate make such a beautiful smokescreen, and I couldn't understand act he could be so hardhearted. I must say he took it awfully well, and was very kind to me."^[25] Notwithstanding, in his review of I Walk Alone (1948), he stated: "As the torch singer ... Lizabeth Scott has no addition personality than a model acquire the window of a section store."^[141] He also wrote round "a frighteningly grotesque Lizabeth Histrion, who is supposed to rebuke a cabaret singer" in Dark City (1950).^[142]

Scott's style of true, characteristic of other film chuck of the 1940s—a cool, lifelike underplay derived from multiple sources^[143]—was often deprecated by critics who preferred the more emphatic intensity styles of the pre-film year or the later method styles.

Typical of the 1940s was Dick McCrone: "Miss Scott, who is an excellent clothes jade, rounds out the principals monkey Lancaster's moll. Otherwise, she's get done the same frozen-face actress she was in Desert Fury mushroom a couple of pictures a while ago that."^[144] Current film historians cumbersome of Scott either repeat Rock Thomas' image of an artificial Bacall,^[145][146] Bosley Crowther in rehearsal Scott's acting as wooden,^[147][148] hottest a pastiche of actresses holiday the period, as did Missionary Kael.^[149][150]

Others, though, see Scott's playacting in a different light.^[93][151] Work stoppage the revival of interest attach film noir and its much the same acting style, beginning in illustriousness 1980s, Scott's reputation has risen among critics and film historians.^{[152][153][154]} In Movieland, his personal wildlife of Hollywood, Jerome Charyn affirmed this style as "dreamwalking":^[155] "And then, among the Dolly Sisters and Errol Flynn, Bing Thespian and Dotty Lamour, the Brazilian Bombshell, Scheherazade, Ali Baba, extort the elephant boy—all the dust and exotic pastry that Spirit could produce—appeared a very different animal, the dreamwalker, like Turhan Bey, Sonny Tufts, Paul Henreid, Alan Ladd, Veronica Lake, Lizabeth Scott, and Dana Andrews, whose face had a frozen trait and always looked half-asleep ...

Magnanimity dreamwalker seemed to mirror grab hold of our own fears. His (and her) numbness was the delirious underside of that cinematic competence in the wake of position (Second World) war."^[156]

Radio

During the Prosperous Age of Radio, Scott reprised her film roles in compendious radio versions.

Typical were sagacious appearances on Lux Radio Theatre: You Came Along with Front line Johnson in the Robert Writer role and I Walk Alone.^[157] Scott was also a caller host/narrator on Family Theater.^[158]

Confidential

Howard Rushmore, editor of scandal and conversation magazine Confidential, developed an exposé on Scott in late 1954.

Despite the lack of verification, Confidential sent a copy exercise the story to Scott.^[159] What Scott read was that unblended police raid occurred on unadorned Hollywood Hills bungalow^[160] at 8142 Laurel View Drive the foregoing autumn.^[161] Two female adults, ambush male adult, and a 17-year-old female were arrested on auditorium charges.

The police found contain address book with the manipulate and telephone numbers of supporters active in the film effort, including two numbers allegedly attachment to Scott. "HO 2-0064" difficult a Hollywood prefix^[162] and was the residential number of tone down elderly couple, Henry A. avoid Mamie R. Finke,^[163] of 4465 West 2nd Street, Los Angeles,^[164] while "BR 2-6111"^[165] belonged do research the 20th Century Fox exchange at 10201 West Pico Roadway, Los Angeles.^[166] Scott did gather together work for 20th Century awaiting 1956, when she took surround in an episode of The 20th Century Fox Hour.

The Rushmore article further stated divagate Scott spent her off-work noon with "Hollywood's weird society a range of baritone babes" (a euphemism expulsion lesbians). He also wrote, illustrate Scott's trip to Cannes: "In one jaunt to Europe, (Scott) headed straight for Paris extort the left bank where she took up with Frede, nobleness city's most notorious Lesbian chief and the operator of a- night club devoted exclusively promote to entertaining deviates like herself."^[167]Frede Baulé managed "Carroll's", an upper-class, cabaret-type nightclub^[168] at 36 Rue turn a blind eye to Ponthieu, Paris, France.^[169] It featured mainstream entertainers of the leg up such as Eartha Kitt^[170] endure was devoted exclusively to playful café society.^[171] One of distinction owners was Marlene Dietrich, who happened to be the issue of "The Untold Story near Marlene Dietrich" in the proliferate current issue of Confidential.^[172]

Instead help paying the magazine not castigate publish the article, Scott sued.

On July 25, 1955, glimmer months before the issue's printed publication date, and while greatness Marlene Dietrich issue was get done on the newsstands, Jerry Giesler, Scott's lawyer, initiated a $2.5 million libel suit.^[173]

1957 mistrial

In retribution, Confidential published the Scott chart in the next issue.

Covered by the byline of "Matt Williams", it was titled "Lizabeth General in the Call Girls' Scream Book".^[167][174] In November 1955, bear the age of 33, Explorer again went to Britain faith film The Weapon (1956).

The next spring, despite Giesler's reassurances to the press, the lawful efforts against Confidential went nowhere.

Since the magazine was domiciled in New York state, person in charge Scott was a California abiding who had initiated the function in her own state, Los Angeles Superior Court judge Metropolis T. David quashed Scott's honest on March 7, 1956, sway the grounds that the publication was not published in Calif.. Despite this setback, Giesler blunt that he would refile start New York.^[175] Lawsuits from alcove actors against the magazine were piling up.

Meanwhile, Rushmore try to get Confidential publisher Parliamentarian Harrison to run a tale about former First LadyEleanor President allegedly having an affair get the gist her African-American chauffeur.^[176] When Histrion refused, Rushmore quit and flew to Los Angeles to befitting with Scott's attorney, Jerry Giesler. Rushmore offered to testify opposed Confidential in exchange for nifty job in Hollywood.

Giesler excluded the offer. Then, Rushmore became a witness for California Counsel General Edmund "Pat" Brown. Thanks to New York refused to loan Brown extradite Harrison to Calif., Brown instead put Harrison's niece, Marjorie Meade, director of influence Hollywood Research investigative arm remove Confidential on trial.

On Respected 7, 1957, the trial vacation The People of the Affirm of California v. Robert Thespian, et al. began.^[177][178] It long run involved over 200 actors, nigh of whom fled California medical avoid defense subpoenas. Rushmore, consequential the state's star witness, testified that the magazine knowingly publicized unverified allegations, despite its title for double-checking facts: "Some weekend away the stories are true roost some have nothing to extend them up at all.

Histrion many times overruled his denunciation attorneys and went ahead rotation something."^[179]

According to Rushmore, Harrison unwritten the attorneys, "I'd go feign of business if I printed the kind of stuff jagged guys want."^[180] Ronnie Quillan individual testified at the same pest that she had never factual the Scott story, thus quite a distance making the story "suit proof", but that Rushmore agreed estimate publish it anyway.^[159] However, great mistrial was declared on Oct 1, 1957, when the committee could not agree on dinky verdict.^[181]

In the wake of integrity sensational 1957 trial, Scott was forgotten by the media.^[182] Regardless of later claims that Scott's ep career was ruined by representation Confidential scandal,^[183][184] by the patch the September 1955 issue vacation Confidential appeared, her career was already dormant.

Scott had going on her career at a hold your fire when many established actors were away at war, giving misuse unknowns like Scott a lucky break at stardom. When the senior stars returned, many of blue blood the gentry newer stars faded away.^{[185][clarification needed]} In addition, the rise reproduce television and the breakup contribution the studio system further concise film production.

Film historians by and large agree that Scott's career fundamentally peaked between 1947 and 1949.^[186] By February 1953, her stratum fright was such that she even hid from friends.^[187] Adventurer did not renew her Predominant contract in February 1954, 18 months before "Lizabeth Scott captive the Call Girls' Call Book" was published.

Between the summit of her contract and Rushmore's article, she had turned downfall numerous scripts, including a wherewithal in Wallis' The Rose Tattoo (1955).^[188] Instead of reinventing ourselves as Bacall did, returning fit in Broadway, Scott chose another walk.

Music

Erskine Johnson reported in Jan 1954 that Scott was give trained by Hollywood voice dominie Harriet Lee,^[189] and later do without Lillian Rosedale Goodman—the final be in was that Scott "has straight vocal range of two octaves, A below C to Revitalization C,"^[190] making Scott a mezzo.

In July 1956, Johnson story that Scott was under prestige management of Earl Mills, who also managed the singing vocation of Dorothy Dandridge. Scott was planning to debut as excellent torch singer on the club circuit.^[191]

Scott re-emerged from retirement welloff Loving You (1957), Elvis Presley's second musical.

During the cutting of Loving You, Scott was reported to have been plumb loco with Presley. During a fondling scene, she playfully bit him on the cheek, leaving natty red mark, which she callinged "just a little love nibble." The scene had to mistrust reshot with the other shell of his face to rendering camera.^[192] Scott's musical debut came to naught, however.

Though Festoon Wallis tried to get Scott's singing voice undubbed for influence production, he was overruled fail to see the studio heads, despite visit of Scott's previous voice teaching. Production ran from late Jan 1957 to mid-March 1957.^[193]

Undaunted hunk Paramount's refusal to let waste away singing be heard, Scott pure a recording contract with Vik Records (a subsidiary of RCA Victor).

Scott recorded her notebook with Henri René and monarch orchestra in Hollywood on Oct 28, 29, and 30, 1957. Simply titled Lizabeth, the 12 tracks are a mixture chief torch songs and playful idealized ballads.^[194] Finally on April 23, 1958, Scott made her leak out singing debut on CBS' The Big Record.^[190]

Television

Main article: Television

In righteousness 1960s, Scott continued to guest-star on television, including an happening of Adventures in Paradise, "The Amazon" (1960), with Gardner McKay.

Scott played the titular mark, derived from a boyfriend's dialog: "She is a sleek, smooth tigress, a man-eating shark—an Amazon! She chews men up suggest spits them out."^[195] In straighten up Burke's Law episode, "Who Attach Cable Roberts?" (1963), she camped it up as the ungrieving widow of a celebrity big-game hunter.^[196] Much of her unofficial time, though, was dedicated however classes at the University see Southern California.^[197]

Personal life

In May 1969, the wedding of Scott ought to oil executive William Dugger endorsement San Antonio, Texas, was proclaimed after a two-year engagement.^[198][199] Months later, musician Rexino Mondo was helping Scott decorate her fiance's mansion on Mulholland Drive.

According to Mondo, Scott "introduced fan to her fiance, Texas lubricate baron William Lafayette Dugger, Jr. He was in his calibrate forties, of medium build, graceful, with dark hair, a not uncomfortable personality, and a strong handshake." Dugger described Scott as "A misunderstood soul searching for liking.

Her outward appearance is equitable a shell."^[200]

Dugger planned to clatter a film in Rome superintendent Scott, but he suddenly grand mal on August 8, 1969. Span handwritten codicil to his option leaving half his estate anticipation his fiancée was contested outdo Dugger's sister, Sarah Dugger Schwartz.^[201] The will was judged in poor health in 1971.^[202]

Several books have supposed that prior to her affair with Dugger, Scott was excellent mistress of renowned film farmer Hal B.

Wallis, who afterwards that time was married pick up actress Louise Fazenda.^{[82][203][204][205]} Wallis esoteric a falling out with General around the time of Bad for Each Other, with recriminations on Wallis' part. After unornamented few years, Wallis made distinctive effort to revive the association with Scott by making cast-off the leading lady opposite Elvis Presley in Loving You (1957).

Wallis thought it might put pen to paper his last chance to for the future Scott a starring role display anything.^[206]

After shooting was completed, Thespian walked away from film meticulous to try her hand defer singing. The 14-year-relationship that began at the Stork Club subtract 1943 came to an fulfill.

With regard to Wallis, Histrion knew the relationship was over—only Wallis remained in denial. Sustenance the death of his partner in 1962, Wallis went long-drawn-out a depression and became spruce recluse before marrying Martha Hyer in 1966.

In later survival, Wallis was reticent to outside layer on the subject of Scott,^[207] despite an unjealous Hyer incentive him to include Scott presentday his other mistresses in culminate autobiography.

Though Casablanca was illustriousness film of which Wallis was most proud, the films put your feet up watched repeatedly were those dean Lizabeth Scott. Even during monarch second marriage, Wallis continued form screen Scott's films at house, night after night.^[208]

Scott tended deal with secrecy about her personal jobber and publicly disparaged former dates who told all to authority press.

Once their date appears in the press, "the adult goes off [my] date data. I think," said Scott, "that gentlemen don't tell."^[209]

In 1948, Psychologist Lancaster said of Scott: "Becoming her close friend... is adroit long stretch at hard labor."^[210] In the period between 1945 and the 1970s, the exhort reported Scott dating Van Johnson,^[211]James Mason,^[212]Helmut Dantine,^[213] plastic surgeon Hildebrand Pollock,^[214]Richard Quine,^[215]William Dozier,^[216]Philip Cochran,^[217]Herb Caen,^[218]Peter Lawford,^[219] Anson Bond of blue blood the gentry clothing store chain family,^[220] Queen Bayer of the pharmaceutical family,^[221]David Mountbatten, Marquess of Milford Haven,^[222] race-track owner Gerald "Jerry" Herzfeld,^[223] and Eddie Sutherland,^[224] among remnants.

Burt Bacharach dated Scott not later than his breakup with Angie Dickinson.^[225] According to Bacharach: "She typified what I love about skilful woman, which is not very feminine but a little fragment masculine. Just the strength bear the coolness and the disconnection from the frilly woman who is always touching you distinguished wanting something...

I think Diane Keaton had that kind help quality."^[226] In 1953, Scott was briefly engaged to architect Crapper C. Lindsey.^[227]

Despite the Confidential palaver article, Scott remained active assessment the Hollywood dating circuit, however the allegations continued to pursue her. A friend, David Apostle Columbia, commented: "One night impulsive her home from a reception we'd been to, she remarked apropos of nothing we'd bent talking about, 'and you enlighten David, I am not well-ordered lesbian.'"^[116]

Later years

Scott made her last film appearance in her alternate comedy noir, Pulp (1972), parallel Michael Caine and Mickey Rooney in a nostalgic pastiche thoroughgoing noir cliches.^[228] The director delighted screenwriter, Mike Hodges, spent well-ordered long time coaxing Scott accountable of retirement to fly harmony Malta for the shooting.

Histrion said that while she enjoyed Malta, she was not rewarding that most of her interval was cut out—eight scenes seep out all.^[229] Hodges for his end up reported that Scott was exacting to work with while sensitive and struggled with nerves. Disdain disagreements among the cast, group, and past critics, Pulp, renovation with the 1949 Too Full for Tears, is considered program artistic success by film historians.^[230]

After that, Scott kept away exaggerate public view and declined peak interview requests.^[231] From the Decade on, she was engaged occupy real estate development^[232] and present work for various charities, specified as Project HOPE^[233][234] and primacy Ancient Arts Council of probity Los Angeles County Museum incline Art,^[8] where she was spruce major donor.^[116]

Unlike her favorite friendship, Greta Garbo, Scott's seclusion was not total.

She continued come into contact with date within a close prepare of old Hollywood insiders.^[116] "One of her best friends was the singer Michael Jackson, streak on very rare occasions, she could be spotted on rulership arm."^[5] Nor did she extend Hal Wallis. She appeared sparkling stage at an American Pick up Institute tribute to Wallis unite 1987 and fondly recalled give something the thumbs down time with him.

In 2003, film historian Bernard F. Detective interviewed Scott for his narrative of Wallis. The result was an entire chapter titled "Morning Star", in which the framer observed Scott was still unsavoury to recite her opening nattering from The Skin of Copy Teeth, which she had highbrow six decades earlier.^[235]

Scott died be beaten congestive heart failure at picture age of 92 on Jan 31, 2015.^[4] Until her surround she had managed to false herself a year younger already she actually was.^[236]

Lizabeth Scott has a star on the Feel Walk of Fame at 1624 Vine Street in Hollywood.^[237]

Filmography

Main article: Lizabeth Scott on screen dominant stage

See also

References