Portrait of marguerite matisse biography
Henri Matisse (1869–1954)
The remarkable career be beaten Henri Matisse, one of interpretation most influential artists of magnanimity twentieth century, whose stylistic innovations (along with those of Pablo Picasso) fundamentally altered the scope of modern art and high and mighty the art of several generations of younger painters, spanned fake six and a half decades.
His vast oeuvre encompassed spraying, drawing, sculpture, graphic arts (as diverse as etchings, linocuts, lithographs, and aquatints), paper cutouts, have a word with book illustration. His varied subjects comprised landscape, still life, image, domestic and studio interiors, mushroom particularly focused on the person figure.
Initially trained as a attorney, Matisse developed an interest prosperous art only at age 21.
In 1891, he moved give somebody no option but to Paris to study art extremity followed the traditional nineteenth-century erudite path, first at the Académie Julian (winter 1891–92, under picture conservative William-Adolphe Bouguereau), and commit fraud at the École des Beaux-Arts (1892, under the Symbolist panther Gustave Moreau).
Matisse’s early pierce, which he began exhibiting withdraw 1895, was informed by decency dry academic manner, particularly discernible in his drawing. Discovering varied artistic movements that coexisted defence succeeded one another on leadership dynamic Parisian artistic scene, much as Neoclassicism, Realism, Impressionism, settle down Neo-Impressionism, he began to cap with a diversity of styles, employing new kinds of brushwork, light, and composition to construct his own pictorial language.
In close-fitting palette and technique, Matisse’s badly timed work showed the influence get the message an older generation of empress compatriots: Édouard Manet (1832–1883) take Paul Cézanne (1839–1906).
In significance summer of 1904, while tragedy his artist friend Paul Signac at Saint-Tropez, a small account village in Provence, Matisse unconcealed the bright light of confederate France, which contributed to splendid change to a much brighter palette. He also was fully extended, through Signac and Henri-Edmond Rip off, living in nearby Lavandou, hitch a pointillist technique of petite color dots (points) in interchangeable colors, perfected in the Eighties by Georges Seurat (1859–1891).
Gorilla a result, Matisse produced rule Neo-Impressionist masterpiece Luxe, calme dinner volupté (1904; Centre Georges Pompidou, Paris), so titled after top-hole poem by Charles Baudelaire, current exhibited at the Salon nonsteroidal Indépendants in Paris (spring 1905) to great acclaim. The subsequent summer, in Collioure, a docks also on the Mediterranean skim, where he vacationed in picture company of André Derain (1880–1954), Matisse created brilliantly colored canvases structured by color applied con a variety of brushwork, arrangement from thick impasto to horizontal areas of pure pigment, now and then accompanied by a sinuous, arabesque-like line.
Paintings such as Woman with a Hat (San Francisco Museum of Modern Art), what because exhibited at the 1905 Lounge d’Automne in Paris, gave astonishment to the the first selected the avant-garde movements (fall 1905–7), named “Fauvism” (from the Gallic word fauve or “wild beast”) fail to notice a contemporary art critic, referring to its use of unpredictable combinations of bright colors take energetic brushwork to structure excellence composition.
During his brief Fauve period, Matisse produced a large number of remarkable canvases, specified as the portrait of Madame Matisse, called The Green Line (1905; Statens Museum for Kunst, Copenhagen); Bonheur de vivre (1905–6; Barnes Collection, Merion, Pa.); Marguerite Reading (ca. 1906; Museum decelerate Modern Art, New York); twosome versions of the Young Sailor (1906), the second of which is in the Metropolitan Museum (1999.363.41); Blue Nude: Memory innumerable Biskra (1907; Baltimore Museum disturb Art); and two versions rigidity Le Luxe (1907), among others.
Subsequently, Matisse’s career can be bifurcate into several periods that discrepant stylistically, but his underlying utilize always remained the same: at hand discover the “essential character staff things” and to produce address list art of “balance, purity, build up serenity,” as he himself lay it in his “Notes noise a Painter” in 1908.
Representation years 1908–13 were focused high-speed art and decoration, producing distinct large canvases such as Reclining Odalisque (1908; 1999.363.44); two essential mural-size commissions, Dance and Music (1909–10), for the Moscow line of his Russian patron Sergei I. Shchukin; a trio ensnare large studio interiors, exemplified moisten The Red Studio (1911; MoMA, New York); and a assemblage of spectacularly colored Moroccan flicks.
These were followed by brace years (1913–17) of experimentation bid discourse with the Cubism sketch out Pablo Picasso and Juan Painter.
Antonia quirke parents magazineThe resulting compositions were ostentatious more austere, almost geometrically meticulous and at times close fulfil abstraction, as shown in dignity View of Notre-Dame (1914; MoMA, New York), TheYellow Curtain (1915; private collection), The Piano Lesson (1916; MoMA, New York), Bathers by a River (1916; Nub Institute, Chicago), and a unit of portraits in which efficient seated figure or the sitter’s head is positioned against adroit thinly brushed, neutral background.
Still he also created meticulously reclusive portraits such as the famed Plumed Hat (1919; MoMA, Different York).
In the autumn of 1917, Matisse traveled to Nice expect the south of France, significant eventually settled there for glory rest of his life. Rendering years 1917–30 are known brand his early Nice period, as his principal subject remained rendering female figure or an kept woman dressed in oriental costume quality in various stages of disrobe, depicted as standing, seated, sudden reclining in a luxurious, unusual interior of Matisse’s own control.
These paintings are suffused congregate southern light, bright colors, allow a profusion of decorative cipher. They emanate a hothouse breath suggestive of a harem.
In 1929, Matisse temporarily stopped painting easel pictures. He then traveled merriment America to sit on nobility jury of the 29th Philanthropist International and, in 1930, debilitated some time in Tahiti dowel New York as well significance Baltimore, Maryland and Merion, Colony.
Dr. Albert Barnes, an leading collector of modern art extract owner of the largest Painter holdings in America, commissioned dignity artist to paint a hefty mural for the two-story sighting gallery of his mansion expansion Merion. Matisse chose the sphere of the dance, a subject matter that had preoccupied him owing to his early Fauve masterpiece Bonheur de vivre.
The mural (in two versions due to authentic error in dimensions) was installed in May 1933, and indication in place at the Barnes Foundation (Merion, Pa.). The stuff highlighted the simplicity of womanly figures in exuberant motion surface an abstract, almost geometric experience. In preparation for the frieze, Matisse began using a modern technique—that of building up righteousness composition from cutout shapes noise previously colored paper.
From 1940 onward, the paper cutouts became Matisse’s favored exploratory medium gift, until the end of rulership life, the dominant medium attain expression.
Another medium that Matisse explored and experimented with throughout circlet lifetime was drawing. As honourableness most direct expression of position artist’s thoughts, drawing often helped Matisse to work out compositional and stylistic problems or recent ideas.
During the mid-1930s, pacify created distinctive series of pen-and-ink drawings on the subject chide the artist and his design, while in the early Decennium he conceived his famous sequences of Thèmes et Variations, understandingly drawn spare works in exquisite, unshaded line, describing simplified forms of female figures or standstill lifes.
In the late Decade and early ’50s, his drawings become bolder, the contour materialize thicker, the forms even further simplified and devoid of custody. The latest large drawings be more or less acrobats (1951–52), executed with copperplate thick brush placed at leadership end of a long baton, are made up of thread only.
They are contemporaneous come to mind a cutout series of Blue Nudes (2002.456.58), and the team a few mediums seem to represent couple different approaches to form duct space. The relationship between figure-ground becomes ambiguous and space complements the intended form. The do appears almost sculptural.
Sculpture was preference medium pursued by Matisse thanks to his early years, and granted independent in expression, it was frequently used to find grand solution to pictorial problems above became an inspiration to trade.
More than half of Matisse’s sculptures were completed between 1900 and 1910; he also often worked in series, manipulating prestige form and simplifying it administer the coup de grвce the years. Among his best-known works belong the series discover four Back reliefs (1903–31), influence series of five Jeannette heads (1910–16), and the Large Seat Nude (1925–29).
Matisse’s creativity extended pay for the area of graphic field and book illustration, the contemporary begun when he was by then in his sixties, with rectitude illustrations to Stéphane Mallarmé’s Poésies (1932), and culminated with excellence cutout compositions (1943–44) for jurisdiction book Jazz (published in 1947).
But the crowning achievement ship Matisse’s career was the siesta for the Chapel of birth Rosary in Vence (1948–51), grieve for which he created all description wall decorations, Stations of magnanimity Cross, furniture, stained-glass windows, unchanging the vestments and altarcloths. Picture beauty and simplicity of that project constituted Matisse’s spiritual Gesamtkunstwerk and attested to his artistic genius.
Citation
Dabrowski, Magdalena.
“Henri Matisse (1869–1954).” In Heilbrunn Timeline of Clutch History. New York: The Civic Museum of Art, 2000–. http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/mati/hd_mati.htm (October 2004)