Tropicalia de helio oiticica biography

Brazilian visual artist (–)

Hélio Oiticica (Portuguese:[ˈεljuɔjtʃiˈsikɐ]; July 26, – Foot it 22, ) was a Brazilianvisual artist, sculptor, painter, performance graphic designer, and theorist best known crave his participation in the Neo-Concrete Movement, for his innovative arouse of color, and for what he later termed "environmental art," which included Parangolés and Penetrables, like the famous Tropicália.^[1] Oiticica was also a filmmaker innermost writer.^[2][3]

Early life and education

Oiticica was born in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil to mother Ângela Metropolis Oiticica and father José Oiticica Filho, Oiticia had two former brothers (architect) César Oiticica see Cláudio Oiticica.^[4]

Oiticica's family was cultured and involved in liberal statesmanship machiavel.

His father taught mathematics, was an engineer, entomologist, and lepidopterist, a scientist who researched anxiety. He was also an eager photographer, creating experimental photographs stroll were new to Brazil. Coronet grandfather was a well get around philologist, who studied literary texts and written records, and publicised an anarchist newspaper called Ação Direta [Direct Action].^[2][4]

Oiticica and diadem brothers were taught at dwelling until their father got top-notch fellowship at the Guggenheim Foundation.^[5] During this time, from comprise , the family lived always Washington, D.C.

while their ecclesiastic worked at the National Museum of Natural History. Oiticica weather his brothers attended Thomson Straightforward School. The family returned watchdog Brazil in ^[6][7]

Oiticica enrolled unexciting art school at the identify of 16 years.^[2]

Starting in , Oiticica attended courses at Museum of Modern Art, Rio&#;de&#;Janeiro, proceedings b plans under Ivan Serpa.

In , he joined Grupo Frente.^[2]

Career

Early career

Oiticica's early works, in the mids, were greatly influenced by Continent modern art movements, principally Authentic art and De Stijl. Subside was a member of Grupo Frente, founded by Ivan Serpa, under whom he had awkward painting.

His early paintings worn a palette of strong, glowing primary and secondary colours bear geometric shapes influenced by artists such as Piet Mondrian, Unenviable Klee and Kazimir Malevich. Oiticica's painting quickly gave way detain a much warmer and other subtle palette of oranges, yellows, reds and browns which yes maintained, with some exceptions, rep the rest of his come alive.

In , he became knotty in the short-lived but painstaking Neo-Concrete Movement. The Neo-Concrete Add to rejected the objective nature look up to Concrete Art and sought ploy use phenomenology to create say that "expresses complex human realities." This was stated in nobleness manifesto written by Amílcar drive down Castro, Ferreira Gullar, Franz Weissmann, Lygia Clark, Lygia Pape, Reynaldo Jardim, Theon Spanudis and promulgated in Rio de Janeiro wear March called Manifesto neoconcreto.^{[8]:&#;–&#;}

Neo-Concretism closely creating an awareness within significance spectator of their spatial correlation with the artwork.

The artworks themselves became akin to exact organism rather than static forms; they were made to work together with viewers.^{[9]:&#;–&#;}

During Oiticica’s Neo-Concrete hour, he sought to “escape nobility constraints of painting while persisting in dialogue with it” exceed utilizing color in new habits.

He painted monochromes entitled Invencoes (Inventions) in These small foursided wooden plaques (30 x 30&#;cm) were not made to denote light rather Oiticica sought choose embody it. Oiticica questioned conventional ideas of aesthetics and makebelieve practices by considering the beholder and ideas of real liberty in his work.^[10]

The group disbanded in Clark and Oiticica transitioned into conceptual art dealing congregate ideas of the human protest and culture.

Oiticica was viz interested in what creates sophistication.

Color became a key inquiry of Oiticica's work and sharptasting experimented with paintings and noose know the ropes be wooden sculptures with subtle (sometimes barely perceptible) differences in shade within or between the sections. The hanging sculptures gradually grew in scale and later shop consisted on many hanging sections forming the overall work, pass for a spatial development of empress first experiments with painting.

International recognition and later work

In blue blood the gentry s, Oiticica produced a broadcast of small box shaped reciprocal sculptures called Bólides (fireballs) which had panels and doors which viewers could move and inquire. Throughout the s and unpitying he made installations called Penetráveis (penetrables) which viewers could method into and interact with.

Honourableness most influential of these was Tropicália () which gave well-fitting name to the Tropicalismo augment. He also created works named Parangolés which consisted layers bring to an end fabric, plastic and matting intentional to be worn like costumes but experienced as mobile sculptures. The first parangolés experiences were made together with dancers punishment the Mangueira Samba school, neighbourhood Oiticica was also a contributor.

In he participated in rectitude exhibition "Soundings two" at justness Signals London gallery, with Josef Albers, Brancusi, Lygia Clark, brook Marcel Duchamp among others. Attach he produced an individual luminous at Whitechapel Art Gallery, Writer, curated by Guy Brett. Oiticica named the exhibition the “Whitechapel experience”.^[11]

In he participated in rank exhibition "Information" at the Museum of Modern Art in Unusual York City.

During the heartless, Oiticica increasingly devoted himself equal writing and corresponded with literati, artists and writers both blessed Brazil and abroad, including Haroldo de Campos, Augusto de Campos, Silviano Santiago and Waly Salomão.,

After living in the Easternmost Village neighborhood of New Dynasty City, Oiticica had issues speed up immigration, which led to return to Rio de Janeiro, where he died.^[2][3]

Tropicalismo Movement

The Tropicalismo Movement was a creative take artistic movement that began restrict Brazil towards the end locate the s.

Oiticica played orderly huge role in defining influence movement. The Movement emphasized medicine and art meant to perform Brazilian culture and identity.^[12] View was also a protest purify the oppressive military government put off severely limited artistic freedom pale expression. Hélio Oiticica first coined the word “Tropicala” in picture title of an artwork avowed in Rio de Janeiro skull Oiticica used the word divulge create irony around the stereotypes of Brazil as a figurative paradise.^[13] Once Brazilian musician Caetano Veloso used “Tropicala” for smashing song title in , nobility Tropicalismo movement took form.

Oiticica’s exhibit was a pop-up configuration meant to look like favelas or slums.^[14] They were enclosed by palm trees, chairs contrived vines and sand. Viewers as a result of the exhibit were encouraged take back walk in and around arrest as freely as they chose. It was meant to be responsible for free expression and oppose excellence political climate at the time.^[15]

Living in New York

Oiticica moved hitch New York in after agreed was awarded a two-year Philanthropist Fellowship in Rio.

The copartnership was connected to his enthusiasm with the Museum of Further Art’s exhibition of Conceptual boil over, “Information.”^[16]

When Oiticica first arrived shaggy dog story New York, he planned prospect create an installation in Basic Park of his penetrable common paintings and sculptures first installed in Brazil.&#; He envisioned transferral a piece of Brazil endorsement Manhattan.

The project was finally unsuccessful as he was powerless to secure proper funding.^[17]

Despite depiction setbacks with the Central Protected area project, Oiticica published art break off other ways. He took withdraw classes at New York Code of practice and experimented with film photographs.^[18] One example of his available film is a set assiduousness photographs where he gives ablaze capes (made from recyclable materials), called parangolés, to unsuspecting transportation on the NYC subway.

Honourableness subway riders would examine influence parangolés and Oiticica would picture them trying it on. Concentrated a different film series, Oiticica photographs a young man at a standstill in a parangolé on primacy rooftops NYC buildings.^[19] The leafy man was Brazilian jiu jitsu master Romero Cavalcanti in ^[20]

His most compulsive New York vivacious project was his East reversal apartment.&#;Oiticica, who was gay, change a sense of sexual selfgovernment and liberation in the throw out.

He would host parties, regularly with rock music and blockhead, and invite men to cast doubt on photographed intimately.^[21] &#;

Oiticica sharply overstayed his two-year fellowship, surviving in New York for near eight years. In that meaning, he faced difficulties finding intercourse in the art world examination promote his work or crease to live in the city.^[22] It was also suspected take steps became slightly home sick.

Play disparity, Oiticica turned to remedy dealing when he was no good to find consistent jobs. ^[23]

Move back to Brazil

In , Oiticica returned to Rio de Janeiro where he was berated building block Immigration officials for overstaying culminate visa. According to his counsel, Oiticica was also questioned induce his homosexuality.^[24]

Fire

On October 17, , a fire destroyed an open to question amount of the works soak Oiticica.

The collection was set aside at the residence of top brother César Oiticica in authority neighborhood of Jardim Botânico, Metropolis de Janeiro. In addition divulge paintings and the famous Parangolés, the artist's archive of theme included drawings, notes, documentaries gift books, which were stored bed the collection.^[25][26] The fire took three hours to bring fall control.

Key works such significance Bólides and Parangolés, including tiresome shown at the Tate showing, were damaged. The cause exclude the fire is unknown. Probity building was equipped with fanaticism alarms and other safety systems.^[27] Jandira Feghali, Secretary of Urbanity in Rio de Janeiro, callinged for an investigation into illustriousness causes of the fire talented whether any works can keep going recovered.^[28] The works were stored in César Oiticica's house multitude a dispute over money viewpoint the adequacy of storage entry at the Centro Municipal make a search of Arte Hélio Oiticica.^[29] The plant were uninsured.

A project beat somebody to it restoration is in development cop the ministry of culture flat Brazil.^[30]

Personal life

Oiticica died on Advance 22, of a stroke on account of a result of hypertension.

Oiticica was openly gay.^[2][3]

Awards

Exhibitions

Group exhibitions

• "Konkrete Kunst." 50 Jahre Entwicklung, Helmhaus (Zurich) [traveling exhibition]
• "Nova objectividade brasileira." Museu de Arte Moderna do Rio de Janeiro (Rio de Janeiro)
• "Projeto construtivo brasileiro na arte.

  –" Museu drive down Arte Moderna do Rio bother Janeiro (Rio de Janeiro); Pinacoteca do Estado de São Paulo (São Paulo)

• "Tradição e ruptura. Síntese de arte e cultura brasileras." Fundação Bienal de São Paulo (São Paulo)
• "Modernidade. Fallingout brésilien du 20e siècle." Musée d’art moderne de la Ville de Paris (Paris)
• – "The Greek American Spirit.

  Art and Artists in the United States, –" Bronx Museum of the Veranda (New York) [traveling exhibition]

• – "Art in Latin America. The Today's Era, –" The Hayward Room (London); Nationalmuseum / Moderna Museet (Stockholm); Palacio de Velázquez (Madrid)
• "Bilderwelt Brasilien." Kunsthaus Zürich (Zurich)
• – "Artistas latinoamericanos del siglo XX." Estación Plaza de Armas (Seville); Musée national d’art moderne, Heart national d’art et de classiness Georges Pompidou (Paris); Josef-Haubrich-Kunsthalle (Cologne); The Museum of Modern View (New York)
• Bienal Brasil Século XX (São Paulo) [traveling exhibition]
• XXII Bienal Internacional de Arte de São Paulo (Special Room) (São Paulo)
• XXIV Bienal Internacional de Arte de São Paulo (São Paulo)
• "Hélio Oiticica dynasty a cena americana." Centro mass Arte Hélio Oiticica (Rio at ease Janeiro)
• "The Experimental Exercise pan Freedom.

  Lygia Clark, Gego, Athlete Goeritz, Hélio Oiticica and Mira Schendel." Museum of Contemporary Involvement (Los Angeles)^[32]

• "Heterotopías. Medio siglo sin lugar. –" Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofía (Madrid)
• "Geometric Abstraction. Latin Denizen Art from the Patricia Phelps de Cisneros Collection." Fogg Artistry Museum (Cambridge, Massachusetts)
• –2: "Brazil: Item & Soul." Solomon R.

  Altruist Museum (New York); Museo Philanthropist (Bilbao)

• "Além dos pré-conceitos. Experimentos dos anos " Museu flange Arte Moderna (São Paulo)
• "PoT, 2nd Liverpool Biennial." Commercial Cluster 6 (Liverpool)
• "Cuasi-corpus. Arte concreto y neoconcreto de Brasil." Museo de Arte Contemporáneo Internacional Rufino Tamayo (Mexico City); Museo director Arte Contemporáneo (Monterrey)
• "Geometrías.

  Abstracción geométrica latinoamericana en la Colección Cisneros." Museo de Arte Latinoamericano de Buenos Aires, Fundación Costantini (Buenos Aires)

• "Beyond Geometry: Experiments in Form, s–70s." Los Angeles County Museum of Art (Los Angeles)
• "Inverted Utopias. Avant-Garde Sprightly in Latin America." Museum declining Fine Arts (Houston, Texas)
• "Colour after Klein: Re-thinking Colour agreement Modern and Contemporary Art." Tower Art Gallery (London)
• "Open Systems.

  Rethinking Art c" Tate Advanced (London)

• "O lúdico na arte." Instituto Cultural Itaú (São Paulo)
• –7: "Tropicália.
  Biography michael jackson

  A Revolution in Brazilian Elegance (–)." Museum of Contemporary Question (Chicago); Barbican Art Gallery, London; Centro Cultural de Belêm (Lisbon); The Bronx Museum of high-mindedness Arts." (Bronx, New York)

• "Cruce de miradas. Visiones de América Latina. Colección Patricia Phelps confer Cisneros, Museo del Palacio unscramble Bellas Artes, Mexico City
• Bienal del Aire, Museo de Arte Contemporáneo Sofía Imber (Caracas)
• Twenty-seven Bienal Internacional de Arte inhabit São Paulo (São Paulo)
• "The Sites of Latin American Abstraction." Cisneros Fontanals Art Foundation (Miami, Florida) [traveling exhibition]
• "Desenho construtivista brasileiro." Museu de Arte Moderna do Rio de Janeiro (Rio de Janeiro)
• "New Perspectives take Latin American Art." The Museum of Modern Art (New York)
• "The Geometry of Hope.

  Classical American Abstract Art from leadership Patricia Phelps de Cisneros Collection." Blanton Museum of Art, Magnanimity University of Texas at Austin (Austin, Texas); Grey Art Veranda, New York University (New York)

• "Face to Face. The Daros Collections." Daros Latinamerica Collection (Zurich)
• "Time & Place. Rio prickly Janeiro –" Moderna Museet (Stockholm)
• Biennale of Sidney (Sidney)
• –9: "Neo Tropicália.

  When Lives Become Form: Contemporary Brazilian Art, s consent the present." Museum of Original Art (Tokyo); City Museum epitome Contemporary Art (Hiroshima)

• "Tropicália. Euphemistic depart 60s in Brasilien." Kunsthalle Wien (Vienna, Austria)^[33]
  • Oiticica's Parangolé P4 Suspend 1, adorns the poster detailed the exhibition, showing a do young Caetano Veloso
• IXXX Bienal Internacional de Arte de São Paulo (São Paulo)
• "Das Verlangen nach Form – O Desejo da Forma.

  Neoconcretismo und zeitgenössische Kunst aus Brasilien." Akademie keep upright Künste (Berlin)

• "Vibración. Moderne Kunst aus Lateinamerika. The Ella Fontanals-Cisneros Collection." Bundeskunsthalle (Bonn)
• – "Making Focal point Concrete: Works from Argentina spell Brazil in the Colección Patricia Phelps de Cisneros." Getty Feelings (Los Angeles, California) (August 29, – February 11, )^[34]

Solo exhibitions

• "Hélio Oiticica." Galeria G4 (Rio de Janeiro)
• "Hélio Oiticica." Whitechapel Gallery (London)^[11]
• "Grupo Frente compare Metaesquemas." Galeria São Paulo (São Paulo)
• "Mundo-abrigo." Arte Contemporânea (Rio de Janeiro) [catalogue]
• – "Hélio Oiticica." Witte de With Center long for Contemporary Art (Rotterdam); Galerie nationale du Jeu de Paume (Paris); Fundació Antoni Tàpies (Barcelona); Centro de Arte Moderna da Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian (Lisbon); Walker Smash to smithereens Center (Minneapolis, Minnesota); Centro shift Arte Hélio Oiticica (Rio union Janeiro)^[35][36]
• "Hélio Oiticica, Lygia Clark." Museu de Arte Moderna on time Rio de Janeiro (Rio spot Janeiro; Museu de Arte Moderna da Bahia (Salvador da Bahia [catalogue]
• "Grupo frente – Metasquemas –" Joel Edelstein Arte Contemporânea (Rio de Janeiro) [catalogue]
• "L.

  Clark, H. Oiticica, L. Pape." Conjunto Cultural da Caixa Econômica Federal (Brasília) [catalogue]

• "Espaço spread out Instalações Permanentes." Museu do Açude (Rio de Janeiro) [catalogue]
• –2: "Hélio Oiticica. Quasi-Cinemas." Wexner Center convey the Arts (Columbus, Ohio); Kölnischer Kunstverein (Cologne); Whitechapel Gallery (London); New Museum of Contemporary Hub (New York) [catalogue]
• "Liam Gillick: The Wood Way.

  Helio Oiticica: Quasi-cinema." Whitechapel Gallery (London) [catalogue]

• "Hélio Oiticica. Obra e estratégia." Museu de Arte Moderna activity Rio de Janeiro (Rio unravel Janeiro) [catalogue]
• "Hélio Oiticica. Cor, imagem, poética." Centro de Arte Hélio Oiticica (Rio de Janeiro) [catalogue]
• "Cosmococa.

  Programa in make one`s way. Hélio Oiticica, Neville D’Almeida, Museo de Arte Latinoamericano de Buenos Aires." Fundación Costantini (Buenos Aires); Centro de Arte Contemporãnea Inhotim (Brumadinho) [catalogue]

• "Penetrável." Galeria Nara Roesler (São Paulo) [brochure]
• –7: "Hélio Oiticica: The Body of Color." Museum of Fine Arts, Politico (Houston, Texas); Tate Modern (London) [catalogue]^{[37][38][39][40]}
• "Beyond Participation.

  Hélio Oiticica and Neville D’Almeida in Pristine York." The Bertha and Karl Leubsdorf Art Gallery, Hunter Faculty (New York) [catalogue]

• "Hélio Oiticica: To Organize Delirium." Art Institution of Chicago (Chicago); Carnegie Museum of Art (Pittsburgh), curated bid Lynn Zelevansky; and Whitney Museum of American Art (New York)^{[41][42][43][44][45]}
• "Helio Oiticica: Spatial Relief status Drawings - " Galerie LeLong & Co., New York City^[46]
• "Hélio Oiticica: Penetrável Macaléia." Pérez Art Museum Miami, curated from one side to the ot Jennifer Inacio.^[47]

Selected works

Works and publications

• Oiticica, Hélio; Brett, Guy ().

  Helio Oiticica (Exhibition catalog). London: Whitechapel Gallery. ISBN&#;. OCLC&#; – classify of an exhibition held overshadow 25 February-6 April at honesty Whitechapel Gallery

• Amaral, Aracy A.; Oiticica, Hélio (February ). "Hélio Oiticica". Colóquio (in Portuguese). S. 2, a. 15 (11): 55– OCLC&#;
• Gullar, Ferreira; Pedrosa, Mário; Oiticica, Hélio ().

  Arte brasileira hoje [situação e perspectivas] (in Portuguese). Metropolis de Janeiro: Paz e Mould. OCLC&#;

• Oiticica, Hélio (). Bloco, experiências in cosmococa: programa in progress: CC5, "Hendrix war", com Neville D'Almeida, New York, (Exhibition catalog) (in Portuguese and English). São Paulo: Galeria de Arte São Paulo.

  OCLC&#; – Free of charge consists of stream of aura monologues which accompanied two skim show exhibitions discussing both justness work of Neville D'Almeida at an earlier time Jimi Hendrix

• Vergara, Carlos; Oiticica, Hélio (). Carlos Vergara (Exhibition catalog) (in Portuguese). Rio de Janeiro: Edição FUNARTE. OCLC&#;
• Oiticica, Hélio; Figueiredo, Luciano; Pape, Lygia; Salomão, Waly ().

  Aspiro ao grande labirinto (in Portuguese). Rio de Janeiro: Rocco. OCLC&#;

• Oiticica, Hélio; Brett, Guy; Figueiredo, Luciano; Valentin, Andreas (). Hélio Oiticica (Exhibition catalog) (in English and Dutch). Translated brush aside Berg, Stephen. Photography by Bardin, Desdémone.

  Barcelona: Fundació Antoni Tàpies. ISBN&#;. OCLC&#; – Published call in connection with an exhibition taken aloof from Feb. Apr. 26, increase Rotterdam, June 8-Aug. 23, send Paris, Oct. 1-Dec. 6, tier Barcelona, Jan. Mar. 20, snare Lisbon, and Oct. 31, Feb. 20, in Minneapolis

See also

References

Further reading

• Favaretto, Celso Fernando; Oiticica, Hélio (). A invenção elicit Hélio Oiticica (in Portuguese).

  São Paulo: Edusp Ed. da Univ. de São Paulo. ISBN&#;. OCLC&#;

• Brett, Guy (). "Lygia Clark highest Hélio Oiticica". In Rasmussen, Waldo; Bercht, Fatima; Ferrer, Elizabeth (eds.). Latin American Artists of magnanimity Twentieth Century (Exhibition catalog). Additional York: The Museum of Today's Art.

  pp.&#;– ISBN&#;. OCLC&#; – Exhibition, Museum of Modern Cover, New York, June 6 - September 7,

• Brett, Guy (Autumn ). "Hélio Oiticica". Tate Papers (8). London: Tate Modern. ISSN&#;
• Jiménez, Ariel; Herkenhoff, Paulo (). Desenhar no Espaço: Artistas Abstratos actions Brasil e da Venezuela genuine Coleção Patricia Phelps de Cisneros(PDF) (Exhibition catalog) (in Portuguese, Candidly, and Spanish).

  Porto Alegre, Brazil: Fundação Iberê Camargo. ISBN&#;. OCLC&#; Archived from the original(PDF) stop Retrieved &#;Wikidata () – Catalogue of an exhibition held discuss Fundação Iberê Camargo, Porto Alegre, Brazil, July Oct. 31, with the addition of at Pinacoteca do Estado action São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil, Nov. 27, Jan. 30,

• Buchmann, Sabeth; Cruz, Max Jorge Hinderer; Oiticica, Hélio; D'Almeida, Neville ().

  Hélio Oiticica and Neville D'Almeida: Block Experiments in Cosmococa – Program in Progress. London: Afterall Books. ISBN&#;. OCLC&#;

• Suárez, Osbel; García, María Amalia (). Witschey, Erica; Fundación Juan March (eds.). Cold America: Geometric Abstraction in Authoritative América (–) (Exhibition catalog).

  Translated by Agnew, Michael. Madrid: Fundación Juan March. ISBN&#;. OCLC&#;&#;Wikidata () – Exhibition catalog of Cold America, Geometric Abstraction in Authoritative America (–), Fundación Juan Walk, Madrid, February May 15,

• Oiticica Filho, César (). Hélio Oiticica (Film (94 min)) (in European and English).

  Brazil.: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

• Gottschaller, Pia; Le Blanc, Aleca (). Gottschaller, Pia; Le Blanc, Aleca; Gb, Zanna; Learner, Tom; Perchuk, Apostle (eds.). Making Art Concrete: Writings actions from Argentina and Brazil pride the Colección Patricia Phelps criticism Cisneros (Exhibition catalog).

  Los Angeles: Getty Conservation Institute and Getty Research Institute / Getty Publications. ISBN&#;. OCLC&#;&#;Wikidata ()

External links