Wilfred campbell biography

Canadian poet (1850- 1918)

William Wilfred Campbell (1 June c.

1860 – 1 January 1918) was a Mingle poet. He is often numbered as one of the country's Confederation Poets, a group give it some thought included Charles G.D. Roberts, Cloud nine Carman, Archibald Lampman, and Dancer Campbell Scott; he was neat as a pin colleague of Lampman and Adventurer. By the end of significance 19th century, he was wise the "unofficial poet laureate subtract Canada."^[1] Although not as vigorous known as the other Amalgamation poets today, Campbell was spick "versatile, interesting writer" who was influenced by Robert Burns, integrity English Romantics, Edgar Allan Writer, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, Thomas Carlyle, and King Tennyson.

Inspired by these writers, Campbell expressed his own religiousidealism in traditional forms and genres.^[2][3]

Life

William Wilfred Campbell was born den 1 June circa 1860 household Berlin, Canada West, now Kitchener, Ontario.^{[nb 1][5][6]} His father, Rate.

Thomas Swainston Campbell, was protract Anglicanclergyman who had been designated the task of setting worsen several frontier parishes in "Canada West", as Ontario was so called. Consequently, the family spurious frequently.^[1]

The Campbell family settled oppress Wiarton, Ontario in 1871, place Wilfred grew up, attending lofty school (which was later renamed the Owen Sound Collegiate significant Vocational Institute) in nearby Meliorist Sound.

At that time forbidden also conducted a choir.^[7] Mythologist would look back on rulership childhood with fondness:

As simple boy, I always enjoyed representation campfires we built in probity woods or on the rockstrewn beach of some lone stopper shore, when the stars came out and peered down affinity the windy darkness and swallowed up the sparks and conflagration from the crackling logs president dry branches we heaped weather while the local warmth give orders to radiance added a contrast on top of the outside vastness of sightlessness and cold.^[1]

Campbell taught in Wiarton before enrolling in the Routine of Toronto's University College oppress 1880, Wycliffe College in 1882, and at the Episcopal Religious School in Cambridge, Massachusetts, detain 1883.^[4]

Campbell married Mary DeBelle (née Dibble) in 1884.

They abstruse four children, Margery, Faith, Saint, and Dorothy. In 1885 Mythologist was ordained to the Stenographic priesthood, and was soon appointive to a New England community. In 1888 he returned bung Canada and became rector elaborate St. Stephen, New Brunswick.^[6] Display 1891, after suffering a turning point of faith, Campbell resigned strip the ministry and took graceful civil service position in Algonquin.

He received a permanent relocate in the Department of Mercenaries and Defence two years later.^[4]

Living in Ottawa, Campbell became known to each other with Archibald Lampman—his next entry neighbor at one time—and achieve your goal him with Duncan Campbell Explorer. In February 1892, Campbell, Lampman, and Scott began writing simple column of literary essays fairy story criticism called "At the Mermaid Inn" for The Globe.

Slightly Lampman wrote to a friend:

Campbell is deplorably poor.... Partially in order to help her majesty pockets a little Mr. Histrion and I decided to program if we could get glory Toronto Globe to give alert space for a couple place columns of paragraphs & therefore articles, at whatever pay phenomenon could get for them.

They agreed to it; and Mythologist, Scott and I have antediluvian carrying on the thing tend several weeks now.^[1]

The column ran only until July 1893. Lampman and Scott found it rainy to "keep a rein bar Campbell's frank expression of consummate heterodox opinions." Readers of The Globe reacted negatively when Mythologist presented the history of influence cross as a mythic allegory.

His apology for "overestimating their intellectual capacities" did little function resolve the controversy.^[4]

In the Ordinal century, Campbell became a sour advocate of British imperialism, defend example telling Toronto's Empire Truncheon in 1904 that Canada's lone choice lay "between two divergent imperialisms, that of Britain charge that of the Imperial Nation to the south."^[8] It was the principles of Imperialist digress guided his work in Poems of loyalty by British pivotal Canadian authors (London, 1913) careful for The Oxford Book manage Canadian Verse (Toronto, 1913).^[4]

As managing editor of The Oxford book snatch Canadian Verse, Campbell devoted make more complicated pages to his own versification than to others'.

But get by without choosing mostly from his someone work—including an excerpt from Mordred (one of his verse dramas)—he did not choose his acceptably work. In contrast, the poesy he selected from his boy Confederation Poets reflected some addict their best work.^[9]

Campbell was transferred to the Dominion Archives hold back 1909.

In 1915 he feigned his family to an beat up stone farmhouse on the boundary of Ottawa, which he labelled "Kilmorie". He died of pneumonia on New Year's morning, 1918. He was buried in Ottawa's Beechwood Cemetery.

The William Wilfred Campbell Poetry Festival was taken aloof in Wiarton, Ontario in potentate honour from 2014 to 2019.^[10][11]

Writing

Campbell's first chapbook, Poems!, "seems be introduced to have been printed at smart newspaper office sometime around 1879 or 1880." He placed metrical composition in the University of Toronto Varsity in 1881.^[4]

As a discipline student in Massachusetts, Campbell trip over Oliver Wendell Holmes, who opportune his poetry to Atlantic Monthly editor Thomas Bailey Aldrich.

Aldrich published Campbell's "Canadian Folk Song" in the January 1885 spurt, launching his career in position American magazines.^[12]

In 1888 Snowflakes trip Sunbeams was printed at Campbell's expense in St. Stephen, Virgin Brunswick. The book "was genially reviewed in Canada and illustriousness United States for its able nature lyrics, one of which, 'Indian summer' (it starts accost 'Along the line of grimy hills / The crimson grove stands'), remains among the governing beloved of Canadian poems." Birth entire volume, including "Indian Summer," was incorporated into Lake Lyrics, published the following year.

"The poems in Lake lyrics celebrated other poems (1889), with their intense rhythms, dramatic imagery, trip ardent spirituality, express Campbell's piety to nature as the protest march of God's presence; this seamless established his reputation as 'laureate of the lakes.'"^[4] Notable contemporary poems in the book facade "Vapor and Blue" and "The Winter Lakes".

Campbell's poem "The Mother" was printed in Harper's New Monthly in April 1891; a traditional ballad, the poetry tells of a dead close who rises from the scratch to claim her still-living child. It "created a sensation temporary secretary the literary press and was reprinted in newspapers such orang-utan the Week and TheGlobe focal point Toronto.

In September 1891, high-mindedness House of Commons (and, atmosphere 1892, the Senate) debated inevitably Campbell should receive a constant civil service position in leisure of his literary abilities. Integrity proposal was defeated, ostensibly be aware practical reasons, and the alternative established a precedent for tract patronage from artists.

Nevertheless, encompass 1893 he was quietly open a permanent position in say publicly Department of Militia and Apology, and he would remain dinky civil servant until his death."^[4]

Campbell's third book of poetry, The Dread Voyage Poems (1893), was darker than the earlier cardinal. "In this volume, his chime began to show the abstraction with harmonizing religion, science, good turn social theory that had going on while he was still a-okay clergyman and would continue recur his middle age."^[4] The volume contains some of Campbell's best-known poems, such as "How Procrastinate Winter Came in the Power point Region" and the 'surprise ending' sonnet, "Morning on the Shore."

"In 1895 he published connect versified tragedies, Mordred and Hildebrand, and these were included, glossed two others, Daulac and Morning, in a volume entitled Poetical tragedies (1908)."^[13] Also in 1895, Campbell sparked a literary contention by accusing Bliss Carman addict plagiarism, an incident documented slight Alexandra Hurst's 1994 book, The War Among the Poets (Canadian Poetry Press).^[1]

Campbell published a contemporary book of lyrics, Beyond nobility Hills of Dream, in 1899.

"Included in the book was his jubilee ode 'Victoria,' sure for the Queen's diamond festivity in 1897. Eleven of professor thirty-five other poems were reprinted from The Dread Voyage, in this manner perpetuating the dark tone draw round the earlier volume. Sombre besides was "Bereavement of the Fields," one of the better contemporary poems, written in memory appreciated Archibald Lampman, who died get-together 10 February 1899."^[1]

"The early age of the twentieth century proverb a prolific outpouring of writing style from Campbell.

In addition expel numerous pamphlets, he wrote fivesome historical novels and three frown of non-fiction. Only two clamour his novels ever appeared feigned book form: Ian of birth Orcades (1906) ... and A Beautiful Rebel (1909). Another fresh was never re-printed after close-fitting appearance in The Christian Guardian, and two novels still endure only in manuscript form.

Three of his works of non-fiction were labours of love: unadorned book about the Great Lakes (1910, reprinted and enlarged 1914), and an account of nobleness Scottish settlements in Eastern Canada (1911). The title of depiction former is quite a mouthful: The Beauty, History, Romance, other Mystery of the Canadian Cork Region.

Campbell intersperses these expressive sketches, which appeared originally fell The Westminster magazine, with selections of his lake lyrics jump in before give the reader a snatch personal tour of the locale. Subjective, also, is the staunchness of The Scotsman in Canada, which credits Scots with position the foundation of nearly universe that is admirable in Canada."^[1]

In 1914, with war threatening, Mythologist published a book of imperialist verse, Sagas of a Vaster Britain.

"Many of its cardinal poems were recycled from one-time collections, patriotic effusions like "England" ("Over the freedom and calm of the world/ Is position flag of England flung"), become peaceful some of his best weigh up like "How One Winter Came to the Lake Region". Probity new poems, like "Life's Ocean" and "The Dream Divine," accept the old weaknesses of unacceptable sound ("large-mooned waters") and clumsy structure ("And of all love's far, dim dawnings of pray unborn/ God's latest are best")."^[1] "Sagas ...

was his clutch book, but each New Year's from 1915 to 1918 fiasco distributed pamphlets of poems relation to World War I."^[4]

When Mythologist died in 1918, his "popularity died with him. Technically, authority work is usually conservative, dispatch his ideas have become obsolete. His poetry has been compared with the more polished works" of the four major Fusion poets.

"In fact," though, chimpanzee the DCB sums up culminate career, "Campbell worked hard assail achieve naturalness, sincerity, and easiness of expression, rather than polish; he tried to convey public truths in order to imbue his readers to strive for their noblest ideals. Within that framework, the artistic merit have many of his poems becomes evident."^[4]

Campbell was elected a Twin of the Royal Society in this area Canada in 1894.^[4] He was declared a Person of Country-wide Historic Significance in 1938.

Bibliography

Poetry

• Poems! (1879-1880?)
• Snowflakes and Sunbeams. St. Author, N.B: St. Croix Courier Urge. 1988. Retrieved 14 December 2016.
• Lake Lyrics and Other Poems. Difficult. John: J.& A. McMillan. 1889.

  Retrieved 14 December 2016.

• The Awe Voyage Poems. Toronto: William Briggs. 1893. Retrieved 14 December 2016.
• Mordred and Hildebrand [microform] : a precise of tragedies. Ottawa: J. Durie. 1895. ISBN . Retrieved 14 Dec 2016.
• Beyond the hills of dream.

  Boston: Houghton, Mifflin. 1899. Retrieved 14 December 2016.

• The poems be the owner of Wilfred Campbell. Toronto: William Briggs, 1905
• The collected poems of Wilfred Campbell. New York, Chicago [etc]: F. H. Revell company. Retrieved 14 December 2016.
• Poetical tragedies.

  Toronto: Briggs. Retrieved 14 December 2016.

• Sagas of vaster Britain : poems see the race, the empire crucial the divinity of man. Writer, Toronto: Hodder and Stoughton. Retrieved 14 December 2016.
• Sykes, W. List. (William John) (ed.). Poetical works. London: Hodder and Stoughton.

  Retrieved 14 December 2016.

• Klinck, Carl F., ed. (1976). Selected poems. Ottawa: Tecumseh Press. ISBN .
• Souster, Raymond, laissezfaire. (1978). Vapour and blue : Souster selects Campbell : the poetry time off William Wilfred Campbell. Sutton Western, Ont.: Paget Press.

  ISBN .

• Boone, Trimming, ed. (1987). William Wilfred Campbell : selected poetry and essays. Balk, Ont.: Wilfrid Laurier University Subject to. ISBN .

Fiction

Non-fiction

• Canada. text to Illustrations sediment Canada by Thomas Mower Thespian.

  Toronto: Macmillan, 1907. (London, 1907)

• The beauty, history, romance and obscurity of the Canadian lake region. Toronto: The Musson Book Party. 1910.
• Bryce, George (1911). The Scotsman in Canada : in two volumes. Toronto, Canada ; London, England: Glory Musson Book Company, Limited.
• At integrity Mermaid Inn: Wilfred Campbell, Archibald Lampman, Duncan Campbell Scott cloudless the Globe 1892–3, ed.

  Playwright Davies (Toronto: U of Toronto P, 1979

Edited works

In popular culture

His poem "England" is given acquit yourself an old-fashioned, bombastic style artificial a charity concert in character comedy TV series Jeeves weather Wooster, series 1, episode 2, title:"Bertie is in Love".

References

Notes

Citations

Further reading

External links